STEP-BY-STEP SHOES MAKING

Shoe-making was developed and settled in Europe as hand art; but until the XIX. century, there was no factory construction. A finished shoe consists of vamp and soles. The bottom part of the shoe is called "sole" and the top part is called "upper". The various pieces forming the upper are cut in the cutting room.

Today, the cutter cuts its piece with a press. The parts of the upper vary according to the shape and model of the shoe. When the upper is made from PVC, the method of joining the pieces also changes; high-vibration waves combine the pieces from their edges. The toe-box and heel sections of the upper were used to be made of wood made of compressed fibers, but today they are mostly used for leather (good quality) or resin, resinoid-dipped materials and wadding. When the upper is combined, the molding process is started.

Molding:

Upper is passed to a mold for the completion of the shoe construction work. The mold is an example of a foot form made of wood, but which is more plastic today. At this stage, another piece is added to keep the upper above the pattern.

Insole:

The insole is a bridge between the upper and the sole. Although it is also made of leather, it is also made of compressed fiber or compressed leather. The shoe pattern is turned upside down, and the insole is placed on the sole with a nail. Then the circumference of the upper is stretched tight and the sole is attached to the insole. This used to be done by hand.
The shoe maker drew the edges of the upper on top of the insole and used a stretch of some kind of wide-mouth pliers, then he snapped it with a nail. In this process, which is made mostly with machines, nails are used, but adhesives are also used. Since the beginning of 1960, it has been trying to develop a machine that can perform the entire molding process. However, in most shoe factories, the toe-box, waist and heel segments are still molded separately. The part on the insole that constitutes a generation between the waist section and heel is called wedge.

Production Formats:

After the shoe manufacturing industry, various construction methods have been developed. Today, some methods, such as bonding, molding, injection molding methods are applied in shoe making. These terms specify the method of combining the upper to the sole, and sometimes the item in which the sole is made. In a bonded shoe, the sole, which is bonded to the upper by adhesives, may be made of leather, natural or synthetic rubber, PVC, polyurethane or other polymeric materials. In injection molding, PVC or polyurethane, compression molding (or sulfur hardening) made by the method of the shoe is used as a rubber sole material. An old production method that is beginning to become fashionable again, is stretching molding. In this method, the edge of the upper passed to the mold is attached to the rope and stretched around, and the insole is attached tightly.

Installing The Sole:

This process can also be performed in a variety of ways. The construction of a shoe that is anchored in a strip of leather requires a large number of operations. Conversely, in injection molding or compression molding, little processing is required. While molding, the parts of the upper and the insole are given to the molds that cover their tops. Then the sole material is filled into the inner cavity of this mold and connected to the upper. There may be too many machine operations here, sometimes 48 operations around injection point may be required. In fact, very high production is achieved from such units. However, since the operating expenses of these factories are also very high, they are usually used in shoe types that models do not change very often.